Australia's AML Reforms: What Tranche 1 and 2 Entities Need to Know: A Practical Breakdown of What’s Changing and Why It Matters
- Lori Klaassen
- Jun 3
- 3 min read
Updated: Jun 16
The recent Financial Integrity Hub conference brought together regulators, law enforcement, industry, and global experts to discuss Australia’s upcoming AML/CTF reforms. These are the biggest changes in nearly 20 years and will impact all reporting entities — not just newly regulated sectors. Here’s what you need to know, in simple language.
Why the Reforms Are Happening
Organised crime groups are getting more sophisticated. They treat money laundering as a business, exploiting legal gaps, using professionals to help clean dirty money, and laundering funds through real estate, trusts, cryptocurrencies, and professional services. These crimes fuel drug trafficking, child exploitation, environmental destruction, and corruption.
AUSTRAC estimates that serious financial crime costs Australia over $68 billion a year.
The new reforms aim to close the gaps that criminals exploit, strengthen obligations across more industries, and shift everyone to a more risk-based, outcomes-focused approach.
Tranche 2 Is Just the Start
From 1 July 2025, lawyers, accountants, real estate agents, and dealers in precious metals and stones will be formally regulated. But the reforms also impact existing (Tranche 1) reporting entities. The updated Act and Rules will raise the bar across the board, especially around:
Governance and accountability
Customer due diligence (CDD)
Sanctions screening
Reporting and recordkeeping
Beneficial ownership
Everyone will be expected to better identify and manage risks, no matter their size or sector.
Focus on Risk and Harm — Not Just Rules
The new regime puts risk at the centre. It's not about ticking boxes. It’s about identifying how your services could be misused by criminals, and taking reasonable steps to stop that from happening.
This means:
Understanding your unique risks
Taking proportionate action to address them
Looking beyond legal risk and considering social and economic harm
Personal Accountability Will Matter
Compliance isn't just a team responsibility anymore. Boards, directors, and AML Compliance Officers will face clearer expectations and higher scrutiny.
Regulators and the public increasingly expect senior leaders to understand and own AML risk. Directors who ignore warnings or fail to act could face personal consequences.
AUSTRAC Is Getting Smarter
AUSTRAC is investing in AI, big data, and collaborative analytics. It has already uncovered laundering networks that weren’t visible before. This means:
Faster identification of suspicious patterns
More targeted enforcement
Less tolerance for inaction
AUSTRAC has also promised more guidance and practical tools to help businesses meet their obligations.
Starter Packs and Guidance Are Coming
To help new and smaller businesses comply, AUSTRAC is creating sector-specific starter packs. These will include templates for risk assessments and AML programs based on a "typical" business model.
If your business changes significantly, you’ll need to adjust your AML program accordingly — but these templates are a helpful starting point.
Sanctions, Scams, and Digital Risk Are in the Spotlight
Criminals are increasingly using scams, crypto, and digital platforms. The reforms bring sanctions compliance into AML programs and push for better tracking of virtual asset providers, cash-intensive businesses, and real estate transactions.
We also heard how scams and child exploitation are deeply connected to financial systems. This isn't just about money — it's about protecting lives and communities.
Get Started Now
Even though some details are still being finalised, the message is clear: don’t wait.
Here are a few things you can do today:
Identify who is responsible for AML in your business
Understand your sector’s risks
Review (or create) your AML/CTF program
Stay informed on guidance from AUSTRAC
If you’re not sure where to begin, our team can help.
Let’s Work Together to Close the Gaps
This reform is a big step forward for Australia. Whether you’re a bank, law firm, accountant, or real estate agency, you play a critical role in protecting our economy from criminal abuse.
We’re here to support you on that journey.

Lori Klaassen in the audience at the Integrity Insights: Financial Crime Summit 2025 Credit: FIH 2025